Commercial Diving is also known as Underwater Welding is considered as one of the most dangerous jobs in the world. The nature of work is basically on the elevated pressure water either in a dry or a wet environment. It was first invested by Konstantin Khrenov, a Russian metallurgist in the year 1932. Today, commercial diving plays a major role in the underwater world. Types of Commercial DivingCommercial Diving takes place in two ways. 1. Dry Hyperbaric Welding The dry hyperbaric welding takes place in a dry environment enclosed in a positive chamber filled with a gas mixture. The chamber is placed in the sea bed of maximum 400 meters from the surface of the water. The pipe to be welded is inserted into the chamber and the welder does the welding job. The pressure inside the chamber is very high, so only divers who have the capability to work in that nature are considered. It is the most preferred method than wet underwater welding when quality welds are needed. Some of the welding processes operated under dry hyperbaric welding are shielded metal arc welding, flux-cored arc welding, gas metal arc welding, tungsten arc welding and plasma arc welding. 2. Wet Underwater Welding The wet underwater welding takes place in the water and the divers are directly exposed to electric currents. The current used in this type of welding is between 300-400 amps. The electrodes used in this welding type are heavily insulated and it is switched off whenever not in use to prevent the electric shocks. Some of the welding processes operated under dry hyperbaric welding are shielded metal arc welding, flux-cored arc welding and friction welding. Risks in underwater WeldingThe job at underwater is a challenging one and a number of risks involved in it. The most common type of risk is to get exposed directly to electric shocks. For that, the welding current must be used in between the specified level and make sure the welding electrode is properly insulated. All commercial diving companies should train the newly joined divers with safety measures. Learning safety methods help them on how to sustain in critical situations. Other minor risks reported by the commercial divers are decompression sickness due to the high pressure in the breathing gases and the musculoskeletal effects.
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